HSK 7-9
以及
yǐjí
As well as; and; along with
Structure
A, B (以及) C
How it works
"以及" is a formal conjunction used to connect nouns, noun phrases, or clauses, typically in written Chinese or formal speeches. It is used to introduce the last item or an additional category in a series, often implying a primary-secondary relationship where the elements following "以及" are supplementary to the preceding ones.
Examples
会议讨论了全球经济形势以及未来的发展规划。
Huìyì tǎolùnle quánqiú jīngjì xíngshì yǐjí wèilái de fāzhǎn guīhuà.
The meeting discussed the global economic situation as well as future development plans.
请准备好护照、签证以及相关的证明文件。
Qǐng zhǔnbèi hǎo hùzhào, qiānzhèng yǐjí xiāngguān de zhèngmíng wénjiàn.
Please prepare your passport, visa, and relevant supporting documents.
这位作家关注历史走向以及个人在时代背景下的命运。
Zhè wèi zuòjiā guānzhù lìshǐ zǒuxiàng yǐjí gèrén zài shídài bèijǐng xià de mìngyùn.
The author focuses on historical trends as well as the fate of individuals within the context of the era.
Common mistakes
Using '以及' to connect verbs in a simple sequence (e.g., '我吃完饭以及去睡觉') is incorrect; '以及' is primarily for nouns and noun phrases or formal clauses.
Tip
Think of '以及' as a formal replacement for '和' (and) that adds a sense of 'along with' or 'furthermore' to the final item in a list.
More HSK 7-9 grammar
See 以及 in real Chinese
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