HSK 4
M + M + (N) + 都
M + M + (N) + dōu
every N
Structure
Measure Word + Measure Word (+ Noun) + 都 + Verb/Adjective
How it works
This structure uses the reduplication of a measure word (M + M) to indicate 'every' or 'each' without using the word '每' (měi). When a noun follows, it emphasizes that every single member of that category shares the same characteristic described after '都'.
Examples
件件小事都应该被看成是学习的机会。
Jiàn jiàn xiǎoshì dōu yīnggāi bèi kànchéng shì xuéxí de jīhuì.
Every small matter should be seen as an opportunity to learn.
这里的个个学生都很努力。
Zhèlǐ de gègè xuésheng dōu hěn nǔlì.
Every single student here is very hardworking.
这些件衣服件件都很漂亮。
Zhèxiē jiàn yīfu jiànjiàn dōu hěn piàoliang.
Every single one of these clothes is beautiful.
Common mistakes
Do not include '每' (měi) before the reduplicated measure word; for example, saying '每件件' is incorrect.
Tip
Reduplicated measure words have a slightly more descriptive or emotional tone than simply using '每'. They emphasize the individual nature of each item in a group.
More HSK 4 grammar
See M + M + (N) + 都 in real Chinese
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