Lesson 34 of 40
Vocabulary Sprint w17 — verbs built from parts, and なくなる twice
about 12 minutes
After this lesson you can
- Read 間に合う, 役に立つ and 思い出す by naming the verb inside each.
- Tell 無くなる from 亡くなる, and say what decides which in speech.
Words this lesson teaches
- 無くなる
- runs out, goes missing — of a thing; 亡くなる, same sound, is a person dying
- 間に合う
- is in time for — 間に plus w06a's 合う: to fit into the interval
- 役に立つ
- is useful — 役に plus 立つ: to stand in a role
- 思い出す
- recalls, brings to mind — 思い plus w05's 出す: to bring a thought out
- 聞こえる
- is audible — a sound reaches you whether you tried or not; 聞ける is being able to listen
- 尋ねる
- asks, enquires — the other たずねる, beside w05's 訪ねる, to visit
- 別れる
- parts from someone — takes と; 分かれる, same sound, is a thing splitting
- 負ける
- loses — takes に for whoever beat you, exactly as w06a's 勝つ does
- 受ける
- takes a test or a class; receives — 試験を受ける is the phrase to keep
- 考える
- thinks something over — deliberate; 思う is holding an opinion, not working at one
- かまう
- minds, is bothered — met almost only as かまいません, I don't mind
- 眠る
- sleeps — the state; 寝る is going to bed, the act
- 太る
- puts on weight — the state is 太って いる, not 太る
- 痩せる
- loses weight — the opposite of 太る, and the same state rule applies
- 輸入
- importing — 輸 to convey plus 入, in; 輸入する
- 輸出
- exporting — the same 輸 with 出, out; the pair is readable on sight
- チェックする
- checks — the loanword; 調べる from w06a is the native alternative
- あいさつする
- greets — and the noun あいさつ is a greeting, or a short formal speech
What it explains
聞こえる is not 聞ける, and 見える is not 見られる
N4.13 gave you the potential: 聞ける is that you are able to listen, 見られる that you are able to watch. 聞こえる and 見える are a different thing — that a sound or a sight reaches you whether or not you set out to receive it. So 「音楽が 聞こえます」 is music arriving through a wall, and 「音楽が 聞けます」 is that there is music available to you. From the window you 見えます Mount Fuji, because it is simply there in view; you 見られます a film, because you are able to go and watch one. English uses can hear and can see for both and loses the distinction, which is why learners say 聞けます about a neighbour's television. The test: did you choose to receive it?
The scene itself is in the app.
Lesson one of this track is free to read in full. From lesson two on, the story, the audio and the review are part of a free account.