JLPT N1
べからず
Must not / Prohibited
Structure
Verb dictionary form べからず
How it works
This is an archaic and formal expression used to state a strong prohibition or command, typically seen in written notices, slogans, or historical contexts. It is the negative form of the classical auxiliary 'beshi' and is equivalent to the modern 'shite wa naranai'.
Examples
ここに立ち入るべからず。
Do not enter here.
初心忘るべからず。
One must not forget their original intention.
芝生に入るべからず。
Keep off the grass.
Common mistakes
Do not use 'bekarazu' in daily conversation or polite speech; it is strictly for formal public signs, slogans, or deliberate literary effect.
Tip
When using the verb 'suru', it can appear as either 'suru-bekarazu' or the more classical 'su-bekarazu'. Memorize common set phrases like '初心忘るべからず' as they appear frequently in literature.
More JLPT N1 grammar
See べからず in real Japanese
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